what is bronchitis

Bronchitis - Juniper - Uses and Side Effects

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Juniper berries have long been used as a flavoring in foods and alcoholic beverages such as gin. Gin's original preparation was used for kidney ailments. Immature berries are green, taking 2 to 3 years to ripen to a purplish blue-black. The active component is a volatile oil, which is 0.2% to 3.4% of the berry. The best described effect is diuresis, caused by terpinene-4-01, which results from a direct irritation to the kidney, leading to increased glomerular filtration rate. Juniper berries are available as ripe berry, also called berry-like cones or mature female cones, fresh or dried, and as powder, tea, tincture, oil, or liquid extract.

• Overdose of juniper may cause seizures, tachycardia, hypertension, and renal failure with albuminuria, hematuria, and purplish urine.
• Monitor blood pressure and potassium, BUN, creatinine, and blood glucose level.
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Tell patient to notify pharmacist of any herbal and dietary supplements that he's taking when obtaining a new prescription.  Advise patient to consult his health care provider before using an herbal preparation because a conventional treatment with proven efficacy may be available. It is the normal style of writers to add additional information with the intention of lengthening the length of an article. However, we have provided a short and concise article with only required information on Treat Bronchitis.

Caution Against Using Alcohol While Taking Juniper

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Recommend that patient seek medical diagnosis before taking juniper. Unadvised use of juniper could worsen urinary problems, bronchitis, GI disorders, and other conditions if medical diagnosis and proper treatment are delayed.

• Safety Risk Juniper may cause seizures, kidney failure, and spontaneous abortion.
• Clinical considerations  Advise patient that he shouldn't take juniper preparations for longer than 4 weeks.

Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should avoid juniper because of its uterine stimulant and abortifacient properties. Juniper shouldn't be used by those with renal insufficiency, inflammatory disorders of the GI tract (such as Crohn's disease), seizure disorders, or known hypersensitivity. It shouldn't be used topically on large ulcers or wounds because it may cause local irritation.

Reported Uses

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Juniper berries are used to treat urinary tract infections and kidney stones. They're also used as a carminative and for multiple nonspecific GI tract disorders, including dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, heartburn, anorexia, and inflammatory GI disorders.


Juniper C Sargentii Green Sargent Juniper


There may be additive hypoglycemic effects when juniper is combined with other herbs that lower blood glucose level, such as Asian ginseng, dandelion, fenugreek, and Siberian ginseng. Juniper may have additive effects with other herbs causing diuresis, such as cowslip, cucumber, dandelion, and horsetail.

• Safety Risk Kidney damage may occur in patients taking juniper for extended periods.
• This effect may stem from prolonged kidney irritation caused by terpinene-4-ol or by tur pentine oil contamination ofjuniper products.
• Juniper berries may be applied topically to treat small wounds and relieve muscle and joint pain caused by rheumatism.
• The fragrance is inhaled as steam to treat bronchitis.
• The oil is used as a fragrance in many soaps and cosmetics.
• Juniper berries are the principle flavoring agent in gin, as well as some bitters and liqueurs.
• Research summary  Juniper may have some benefit in diabetic treatment, but further study is necessary.
• Juniper has an extensive toxicology profile, and therefore must be used with caution.

As a food, maximum flavoring concentrations are 0.01% of the extract or 0.006% of the volatile oil. Other reported effects of juniper include hypoglycemia, hypotension or hypertension, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects, and stimulation of uterine activity leading to decreased implantation and increased abortifacient effects.

• Inform patient that urine may turn purplish with higher doses of juniper.
• Tell patient to avoid applying juniper to large ulcers or wounds because local irritation (burning, blistering, redness, and edema) may occur.